Adolescence is a stage of intense changes, both bodily and psychological. The speed of body transformations requires the adolescent to adapt to the new state often with great speed and he sometimes feels disoriented in the face of his own transformations. Precisely from the age of 14 to 21 we are acting the maturation of our nervous system towards a stabilization that leads us to adulthood.
The teenager begins to make contact with her deepest identity and feels insecure in the face of the environment to which she is venturing.
The world of teenagers tells us about a period of life characterized by the precarious sense of identity and the constant search for someone to resemble that gives stability to the new emerging sense of self.
The teenager finds himself living alternately in different social contexts, with ways of transition from one to the other: the adult community with which he is in contact in his educational path and of which one day the boy will become part; the family community on which he obviously continues to depend even if he spends less time there than when he was a child; the community of peers where he experiences the vicissitudes of socialization and where he finds solidarity and alliance, but also antagonisms and conflicts; and a fourth place, which is intrapsychic, in which the boy periodically decides to retire, in a solitude sometimes freely chosen, other times suffered.
The adolescent is the one who no longer recognizes himself in childhood needs, but begins to make new demands that put a strain on the balance reached so far. Through openness to the group of peers it captures behaviors and attitudes to be made its own, so that through identifications with peers can dissolve that difficulty that has been created with the loss of the childish role. It is only when one feels safe within a community that one tends to assert one's individuality, on the contrary, when you live in conflicts or feel that you are marginalized, you accentuate the need to look like others and merge with the group in which one disperses one's personality.
The group of peers therefore has a fundamental importance for the development of theadolescent's identity and must possess peculiar characteristics of positive integration and solidarity.